【www.justzx.com--英语学习】

篇一:实用英语

恒星英语学习网 【“睡觉”的那些短语】1.have a nap 打个小盹 2.doze off 打瞌睡 3.have a siesta 午睡4.catch some more sleep.小睡片刻 5.light sleeper 睡觉轻的人 6.sleep around the clock 睡了一整天 7.sleep on it 考虑一晚上 8.sleep it off 借睡消愁 恒星英语学习网 【常用英语短语】Creep me out. 吓着我了。 Cross that off my list. 从单子上划掉 。goose bumps鸡皮疙瘩 。have an affair外遇。 herbal tea花草茶。 dog walker遛狗的人。get a little preoccupied事先有事。get in line排队。get over with忘记。gild the lily画蛇添足 恒星英语学习网 【三个单词说地道口语】1.气死我了!Tick me off!2.太过分了!That’s too much!3.你开玩笑呢吧?Are you kidding?4.我不知道。I’ve no idea 5.别逼我!Don’t push me!6.一言为定!It’s a deal!

7.我也是这么认为的。You said it。 恒星英语学习网 【与“hand”相关的短语】out of hand 无法控制;脱手;give sb a hand 帮某人一把;in hand 在进行中,在掌握中;hand in 上交;on the other hand 另一方面;hand in hand 手拉手;hand over 交出;移交;on hand 在手边;现有;hand on 移交;传递下去;shake hands with 与?握手 恒星英语学习网 【不靠谱的前任】1.You are such a scumbag.你这个人渣。

2.I just want to have a little chat with you.我只想和你谈谈。3.What were we fighting about?我们当时为了什么争吵? 4.How could you just walk away?你怎能就这样一走了之。5.I'm sorry for what I put you through.我很抱歉让你经历这些. 恒星英语学习网 【"钉"和"针"】 sewing needle缝纫针(修补衣服时常用的针);staple订书钉;safety pin 别针;hairpin发簪; paper clip 曲别针;binder clip长尾夹(两个把手是可折叠的);bulldog clip铁夹子;drawing pin图钉;rivet 铆钉;pin普通针(顶部通常是圆形);dowel pin固定销;hobnail大头钉 恒星英语学习网 when you feel like giving up, remember why you held on for so long in the first place. 每当想要放弃,就想想一直以来是为了什么去坚持。 恒星英语学习网 When we are no longer able to change a situation, we are challenged to change ourselves. ——Viktor Frankl 当我们不能改变环境时,我们就要挑战自己去改变。 恒星英语学习网 【口语锦集】英语简短口头禅(1)1.Absolutely!毫无疑问! 2.Adorable!可爱极了! 3.Amazing!太神奇了! 4.Anytime!随时吩咐!

5.Almost!差不多了! 6.Awful!好可怕啊! 7.Allow me!让我来! 8.Baloney!胡扯!荒谬! 9.Bingo!中了! 10.Boring!真无聊!11.Bravo!太棒了!

12.Bullshit!胡说! 恒星英语学习网 "People who give will never be poor." 懂得付出的人永远不会穷困潦倒。 恒星英语学习网 【关于雪的表达】 flurries/light snow小雪; snowflakes 雪花; blizzard/snowstorm暴风雪; snow ball雪球; snowdrift雪堆; snowman雪人; snowfall降雪; falling snow飘雪; snow angel雪精灵 ; avalanche雪崩; skiing滑雪; sledding滑雪橇; snowboarding滑雪板; snow sculpture雪雕 恒星英语学习网 【Head 相关表达】1.lose one’s head 不知所措

2.head-turner引人注目的人或事 3.

shit-head/thick-headed/knuckle-headed 笨蛋,傻瓜 4.off the top of my head 第一反应 5.Two heads are better than one. 三个臭皮匠顶过一个诸葛亮 6.turn heads 回头率高 7.put heads together集思广益 恒星英语学习网 【海鲜类】扇贝scallop;虾仁peeled prawns;蟹crab;鲅鱼Spanish mackerel;鲳鱼butterfish;虾籽shrimp egg;海蜇jellyfish(水母);牡蛎oyster;鲍鱼abalone;蛤clam;龙虾lobster;鱿鱼squid、calamary;海参sea cucumber、 trepang;金枪鱼tuna;章鱼octopus?? 恒星英语学习网 【Weather常见用法】1. under the weather 有些不舒服

2. I don't like cold weather. 我不喜欢寒冷的天气。 3.fine weather 好天气 4.windy weather 有风的天气 5.run into rough weather陷入困境

6.broken weather变化无常的天气 7.in all weathers不论天气如何; 不论晴雨 8.falling weather坏天气 恒星英语学习网 Before you find love, find yourself. 在找到爱情之前,先找到自己 恒星英语学习网 【“郁闷”时的英文表达】1.I'm so depressed.我很郁闷;

2.I feel so upset.我觉得很沮丧;3.I'm in a bad mood today. / I'm moody today我今天心情不好;4. I feel low today我今天心情(有点)低落;5.I'm a bit down in the mouth today我今天有点闷闷不乐的。 恒星英语学习网 【“插嘴”表达】1. Sorry to butt in.抱歉,打岔一下。

2. Wait, can I put in a word here?等一下,我可以插句话吗?3. She kept cutting in when I was making my point.我表示意见时她一直打断我的话。 4. It's very impolite to interpose in the seminar.在研讨会里插嘴是很不礼貌的。

恒星英语学习网 【服务员上错菜后,肿么说?】1.This is not what I asked for.这不是我所点的。2.I don't think this is what I ordered.我不认为这是我所点的。3.I didn't order this.我没点这个。4.I'm afraid you came to the wrong table.恐怕你送错桌了。5.Isn't this somebody else's order?这不是别人点的吗? 恒星英语学习网 关于“熬夜”的各种表达:1. all-nighter通宵活动、夜猫子:I almost fell asleep during the test after an all-nighter. 2. night owl夜猫、惯于熬夜的人,I'm a night owl.我是个夜猫子。3. burn the midnight oil开夜车、熬夜苦干,I'll be burning the midnight oil tonight.够全吗? 恒星英语学习网 【安慰朋友这样说】1) I'm so sorry for your loss. 对你的损失我深表遗憾 2)I'm so sorry to hear that. 真的很遗憾。3)Don't worry. It's their loss. 别丧气,那只是他们的损失而已。4)Things will get better soon.情况很快会好转的!5)It's gonna be alright。会好起来的。 恒星英语学习网 【各种鱼】热带鱼tropical fish;金鱼goldfish; 秋刀鱼pacific saury;三文鱼salmon;大海鲢tarpon;鲳鱼pomfret; 鲢鱼chub;鳗鱼eel;鲤鱼carp;鲣鱼skipjack;鲟鱼sturgeon;沙丁鱼sardine;金枪鱼tunny/tuna;剑鱼swordfish;旗鱼sailfish;鲈鱼bass;鲑鱼salmon;梭子鱼 pike;淡水鱼

fresh water fish

恒星英语学习网 【照亮人生的金句】When you have a dream, don’t let anything dim it. Keep hoping; keep trying? The sky is the limit!当你有了梦想,不要让任何东西使它黯然失色。希望不灭,奋斗不止??超越永无止境! 恒星英语学习网 【各种"纸"的表达】 一张纸a piece of paper;餐巾纸

napkin; 卫生纸(厕所用) toilet paper; 吸油 (面) 纸 oil

blotting/absorbing paper;笔记纸notepaper;信纸writing paper草稿纸

scratch paper;复写纸 carbon paper;废纸 scrap paper; 礼品包装纸

wrapping/gift paper; 面纸 (facial)tissue 恒星英语学习网 Keep your face to the sunshine and you cannot see the shadow. It's what sunflowers do. ——(Helen Keller) 每天早上醒来把你的脸朝向太阳,你将永远不怕黑暗阴影。像向日葵一样永远面对阳光好不退缩的勇气露出灿烂的笑容。 恒星英语学习网 【拒绝别人的邀请】1.I'm afraid I can't. 恐怕我不能来。2. I have things to do. 我有事情要做。3. I'm kind of busy. Maybe later. 我有点儿忙,也许以后吧。4. I'm busy right now. Sorry. 我现在很忙,抱歉。

5.I can't come over right now. 我不能马上过来。6.take a rain check on sth (改期) 恒星英语学习网 【open常用词组搭配】 open up打开; be open to对...开放的; break open砸开; bring out in the open揭露; in the open公开的; leave open未解决; open into通往;通向 open out 展现; 打破沉默 open the door to 给...造成机会;open upon朝向; 俯瞰;open with以...开始; open up to打开心扉 恒星英语学习网 【身体各部位】forehead额头; temple太阳穴;cheek脸颊;nose鼻子;mouth嘴;lip嘴唇;throat喉咙;tooth牙齿;tongue舌头;neck脖子;brain脑;navel肚脐;abdomen腹部;shoulder肩;waist腰部;thigh大腿;lung肺;stomach胃;elbow肘;calf小腿肚;toe脚趾;sole脚底 恒星英语学习网 Challenge yourself a little bit everyday. 每天都挑战自己一点吧。 恒星英语学习网 "The most difficult phase of life is not when no one understands you, it is when you don't understand yourself." (Anonymous)人生最困难的阶段不是没有人理解你,而是你不理解你自己。 恒星英语学习网 【如何拒绝他人】1. I'm not interested. 我不感兴趣。

2. I got other plans. 我有其他计划了。 3. I'm seeing someone else. 我在跟另一个人恋爱中。 4. You deserve someone better. 你应该跟更好的人在一起。 5. I like you, but in a different way. 是我挺喜欢你的,但是是另一种喜欢。 恒星英语学习网 【趣味国家短语】1.Pardon/Excuse my French 原谅我的粗俗/口出秽言 2.Indian giver送东西给人后来又讨回的人 3.Spanish castle 不切实际 4.Spanish athlete 爱吹牛的人 5.Italian hand 幕后操纵 6.Irish bull 自相矛盾,荒唐可笑的说法 7.China town牛车水(新加坡)8.French window 落地窗

恒星英语学习网 【姿势的几种表达】姿势posture/pose/position;站姿

stance;蹲下crouch down; 跪下 get down on one's knees;弯腰bend down; 低头lower one’s head ;翘腿坐/盘坐 sit with one’s legs crossed; 靠背而坐 settle back; 站起来stand up;坐直 sit up; 躺下lie down;握手shake hands 恒星英语学习网 Always be a first-rate version of yourself, instead of a second-rate version of somebody else. ——Judy Garland 永远做一流版本的自己,永不做二流版本的别人。 恒星英语学习网 Success is getting what you want; happiness is wanting what you get. — Ingrid Bergman 成功在于拥有你需要的;幸福则在于需要你拥有的。——英格丽·褒曼 恒星英语学习网 【流感常见症状】流感influenza/flu;发烧fever;发冷chill;咽炎pharyngitis;严重头痛severe headache;咳嗽coughing; 肌肉无力muscle weakness;打喷嚏sneezing;虚弱weakness;恶心nausea;呕吐vomiting;流鼻涕runny nose 恒星英语学习网 【酒店预定词汇】room reservation预订房间;check-in 住宿登记; check-out退房; hotel rates房价; advance deposit 定金; standard rate 标准价;lowest price最低价; single room单人间; double room双人间; deluxe suite 豪华套房; Presidential suite 总统套房; room service客房服务 恒星英语学习网 My attitude towards exams: I never take my exams seriously. I really don't care about them, because a single sheet of paper can't decide my future.俺对考试的态度:俺从来就木有把考试当回事。俺根本不在乎考试,难道单单一张纸就能决定俺的未来? 恒星英语学习网 【玩手机必知的英语词汇】Create message (新建信息);Inbox (收件箱);Sent items (已发信息);Saved items (已存信息);Delete messages (删除信息);Message settings (信息设置);Missed calls (未接来电);Received calls (已接来电);Call duration (通话计时) 恒星英语学习网 【美语中的各种死】1.I miss the fuck out of you.想死你了 2.I'm dead tired. 我累死了3.You're already dead to me in my heart.你在我心中你早就死了 4.Beat you to death.打死你 5.I'm starving to death.我饿死了 6.scare the hell.吓死你7. I'm so dead.这下我死定了。8.Drop dead. 去死! 恒星英语学习网 【各种蔬菜的英文名】生菜lettuce;荠菜shepherd's purse;莼菜Brasenia schreberi;甘蓝菜kale;油菜rape;空心菜mater convolvulus;金针菜dried lily flower;蒿菜tarragon;紫菜laver;青菜

篇二:实用英语大全

【老外常说的10个形容词】

1.great 太棒了;太好了

2.amazing: 使人十分惊讶的

3.awesome: 极好的;很棒的

4.incredible 难以置信的;惊人的

5.cool: 好;帅;酷;

6.cute: 可爱的;逗人喜爱的

7.excellent: 优秀的;

8.wonderful: 极好的,绝妙的

9.fabulous: 极妙的

10.fantastic: 极出色的

【电影 styles】

1. romance movie 爱情片 2. detective movie 侦探片

3. action movie 动作片

4. musical 音乐片

5. thriller 恐怖片

6. comedy 喜剧片

7. serial movies 系列片

8. science fiction movie 科幻片

war ~ 战争片;

disaster ~ 灾难片;

science fiction 科幻片;

suspense ~ 悬疑片;

costume ~ 古装片;

erotic ~ 情色片;

documentary 纪录片;

inspirational ~ 励志片;

animation ~ 动画片

【美剧台词】

1.You are on deck. 下一个是你,请做好准备。

2.Get cracking. 开始吧。

3.Be a lamb. 乖~

4.Stop talking like that. 别那样说话。

5. It's consistent with my personality. 我一直就这性格。 6. It might weird you out.你会很郁闷。

【书籍】

封面 front cover;

目录 table of contents;

前页 front matter; 硬封面 hardbound;

软封面 softcover;

书脊 spine;

序言 foreword;

前言 preface;

章节 chapter;

附录 appendix;

索引 index;

附注 notes;

参考文献 bibliography;

献词 dedication;

版权 copyright,

版税 royalty;

作者 author

【各种书】

hardcover 精装本;

paperback 平装本;

best-sellers 畅销书;

paper book 纸书;

ebook 电子书;

audio book 有声书;

textbook 教科书;

online books 网上图书;

collective edition 珍藏版;

book store 书店;

bookmark 书签

【水果英语】

go bananas 发疯;

top banana 大老板;

the apple of one's eye 掌上明珠;

apple of sodom 虚有其表的东西;

apple-pie order 井然有序;

apple polisher 马屁精;

a lemon 没有价值的商品;

sour grapes 酸葡萄心理;

bowl of cherries 精彩的

【各种“担忧”】

1.I'm on tenterhooks.我感觉如坐针毡。

2.I'm a bundle of nerves.我心乱如麻。

3.I'm really concerned.我深感忧虑。

4. I'm really in a flap.我真的慌极了。

5.Worrying kept me awake.我愁得睡不着觉。

6.I'm mad at the world.我快要发疯了。

【常见的英文标识】

1、Business Hours 营业时间;

2、Office Hours 办公时间;3、Entrance 入口;4、Exit 出口;5、Open 营业;

6、Fragile 易碎;

7、One Street 单行道;8、Keep RightLeft 靠左右;

9、In Shade 置于阴凉处;

10、Guard against Damp 防潮

【各种味道】

tasty 美味的;

spicy 辛辣的;fragrant 香的;hot 热的,辣的;sweet甜的;bitter苦的;bittersweet又苦又甜的;oily油腻的;sugary甜的;salty咸的;sour酸的,馊的;peppery胡椒味的,辣的;crispy酥脆的;greasy油腻的;

bland清淡的;

tasteless 无味的 ;

flat 淡而无味的

《声声慢》李清照(寻寻觅觅,冷冷清清,凄凄惨惨戚戚)的两版经典翻译: 许渊冲翻译: I look for what I miss; I know not what it is. I feel so sad, so drear, So lonely, without cheer.

林语堂翻译: So dim, so dark, So dense, so dull, So damp, so dank, so dead.

【shit口语】

1. I don’t give a shit! 我才不管!

2. take a shit 拉屎

3. no shit不会吧,真的吗?

4. shit happens 糟糕的事难免会发生

5. ….and shit 之类的东西

例:You said you had maps and shit. (你说过你有地图之类的东西。)

6. treat sb like shit 恶劣地对待某人

7. You’re full of shit.你竟胡扯。

【英语短句】

1. Super duper!超级赞!

2. Peace out! 再见!

3. Listen up! 你给我听清楚!

4. Fight back! 反击回去!

5. Not really! 不见得!

6. You bet! 当然啊!

7. Move it! 快点!

8. Do tell! 快告诉我!

9.Separate checks. 分开算。

10. Yes indeed! 的确是! 11. Got you.骗到你了吧.

12. Cute act.小伎俩.

13. Shameless!不要脸!

14. Spill it!快说!

15. No biggie.没什么大不了的.

16. Break time.休息时间到. 17. Dig in.开动吧!

18. Guess what?你猜怎么着?

19. Suit yourself.随便你. 20. Turn over a new leaf.重新开始.

21. Take your pick.随你挑。

【留学】

成绩单:transcript

录取,入学:admission

入学许可证:I-20

签证:visa

全体教授:faculty

顾问:Advisor

奖学金:fellowship

总平均成绩:GPA(grade-point average) 不及格,挂了:flunk

实习:internship

入学测试:placement test

学生公寓: residence hall

篇三:实用英语

Chapter 1

Key Point 1: 什么是实用文体?

所有语类的语篇可以归结为两大类:

(1)实用文体 practical style(如邀请函、证书证明、申请表、社交信、合同、演讲辞等),(2)文学文体 literary style

文学语篇的职能是利用语言给人以乐趣和美的享受。而实用文体是“直接以传递信息或服务的语篇类型”(张德禄)。实用文本通常具有一定的规范性,有些甚至具有法定的权威性。

Chapter 2 邀请 Types

1. Invitation Card

Functions

1. Provision of Information 提供信息 2. Acquisition of Customers 赢得顾客 3. Maintenance of Demand保持需求 4. Exploration of Mass Market扩大市场 5. Guarantee of Quality 确保质量

Conclude the features of effective ads. 成功广告的特点

1)主题的单纯性(clarity)

唯有简单明了、切中主题,才能使人过目不忘,印象深刻。 2)表现的艺术性/创造性(artistry/creativity) 单纯的主题信息要新颖的表现方式来传播。 旅游文体的翻译,不但要传达源语信息,而且要注意它自身的特殊性。旅游资料的功能是通过对景点的介绍、宣传,扩展人们的知识,激发人们旅游、参观的兴趣。

因此,旅游文体翻译的最终目的就是通过传递信息来吸引旅游者。翻译这类资料,要考虑到译语的可读性及读者的接受效果。

Stylistic & Linguistic Features 实用性强,体裁多样 语言生动具体,引人入胜 文风活泼,感染力强 涉及知识面广 词汇量大 Invitation cards are widely used on all kinds of grand occasions, such as a company’s opening ceremony, a wedding, a banquet, a party, a , etc. When writing an invitation card, you should clearly indicate the invitee’s name, the reason why he or she is invited,

(客套话/敬语) and so on. 2. Invitation Letter

Invitation letters are usually suitable for some common occasions. What’s more, the inviter and the invitee know each other a lot. The invitation letters are characterized by being brief and full of enthusiasm.

The Common Occasions of Invitation Social Activities Birthday Business Special Occasion House-warming Anniversary Wedding

Pattern & Formula

1. 文头:INVITATION CARD 2. 被邀者:首行突出地位 3. 写明事由、内容等 4. 邀请者:中间,醒目另起 5. 时间 6. 地点

7.附注说明:R.S.V.P. For regrets only:“若不能来请告知”(regrets意为“谢绝邀请的短柬”);Dress code:着装要求。(如对衣着有要求,在下角注明,如无要求,则可写上No dress 或 informal)

Chapter 3 广告 Definition

(viewers, readers or listeners) to take some actions with regard to products, ideas, or services. Most commonly, the desired result is to are commercial and non-commercial advertisements.

3)内容的时代性(contemporaneity)

时代性是指广告创意能够反映出时代的特征和风貌,以引起Chapter 5 演讲 致辞 受众的共鸣。

Formal Speech & Address 4)视觉的冲击性(visual impact)

Oration

广告作为一种宣传手段,最基本的要求就是能有效地吸引注意 a formal public declaration,statement or speech any rhetorical, 力,而较强的视觉冲击力无论是在哪种形式的广告中都占有重要地lengthy, or pompous speech 位。 [syn. address; speak; talk; speech]

致辞

广告文本-广告篇章的组成

1.亦作”致词”。

广告一般由两大部分组成,即语言(verbal)部分和非语言(non-verbal)2.指用文字或语言向人表达思想感情。

部分。语言部分称为广告文案,由标题 (headline) 或副标题 3.现指在举行会议或某种仪式时请具有一定身份的人讲话。 (sub-headline) 、正文 (body text) 以及口号 (slogan) 构成;非语言基本解释:

部分包括广告的商标 (trade mark) 、插图 (illustration) 和照片在仪式上讲表示勉励(encouragement)、欢迎(salutatory)、感谢(photo) 、版面编排(layout) 、及字体(typeface)等,这些“附加值”(gratitude)、祝贺(felicitation)、哀悼(lament)、歉意(regret)是广告取得巨大效应的添加济。 等的话。

欢迎词Salutatory

常用动词有: make, come, get, go , know, have, keep, look, see, need, n. An opening or welcoming statement or address, especially when one love, use, take, feel, like, start, taste, save, choose etc. delivered on ceremonial occasions.

adj. Of, relating to, or expressing a salutation.

常用形容词有: new, good/better/best(比较级和最高级), free/fresh , 欢迎词是指在接待或招待客人的正式场合中,主人发表的表示欢迎delicious , full, sure, clean, wonderful, special, crisp, fine, big , great, 之意的话。致欢迎词一般是以口头形式在欢迎仪式现场上发表,也easy , bright, real, safe, rich, extra,first-class, up-to-date, top-quality, 有在公开发行的报刊上发表。 home-made (复合词), super-构成的形容词 (supercalendered 尤

为光洁的, supercooked熟透的, superfine极为精细的, supertaste高致谢词Acknowledgement

级品位)etc. Acknowledgement, synonymous with gratitude, thankfulness, gratefulness, or appreciation, is an expression of one’s feelings for a

benefit/favor that one has received or will receive. It is carried out in Chapter 4 旅游 the form of oral or written words.

Tourism Texts

致谢词是指在接收主人邀请、款待的正式场合中,被邀人发表的表旅游文本包括:旅游景点介绍、旅游宣传广告、旅游告示标牌、民示感激之意的话。致谢词一般是以口头形式在诸如宴会,典礼等正俗风情画册、古迹解说等各方面的内容,而其中尤以景点介绍翻译式场合现场发表,也有在公开发行的报刊上发表。 最具旅游文体特色,也是旅游翻译中的重点和难点。

旅游文本属“呼唤型”文本。

开幕词与闭幕词Opening Address/Speech&Closing Address/Speech Note:对于呼唤型文本(vocative text),由于其文本的核心是读开幕词是党政机关、社会团体、企事业单位的领导人,在会议、活者层,因而文本作者的身份并不重要(since the status of their authors 动、典礼开幕时所作的讲话,旨在阐明会议等的指导思想、宗旨、is not important),重要的是信息的传递效果和读者的情感呼应重要意义,向活动参与者提出要求和期待。

(emotional response),即读者效应,以“唤起”(to call upon)他Opening Address/Speech is delivered by the leader or representative of 们去行动(to act),去思考(to think),去感受(to feel), “按文本预party and government offices,mass organizations,enterprises and 想的方式作出反应”(to react in the way intended by the text.)

institutions at the beginning of a conference,ceremony or on other

important occasions. It expounds the guideline,the aim and the significance of the activity and usually

brings forward the requirements and anticipations for the attendants. 闭幕词是一些大型会议、活动、典礼结束时由有关领导人或德高望重者向会议所作的讲话。凡重要会议或重要活动,与开幕词相对应,一般都有闭幕词。闭幕词通常要对会议或活动作出评价和总结,强调其主要精神和深远影响。

Closing Address/Speech is delivered by the leader or people of high prestige at the end of a conference,ceremony or on other important occasions. The evaluation and conclusion of the activity are supposed to be included in the speech to highlight the guideline and profound influence of the activity.

1) 法定的作者(Legal Representatives);2) 法定的权威和效力(Legal Authority & Effects); 3) 严格的时限性(Stringent Duration of Time);

4) 特定的体式和一定的制作处理程序(Restricted Format, Writing Style & Fixed Sequence of Procedures)。Writing Features

1) Diction(措词准确)。发布公文的目的一般在于解释或阐明公文发布者的立场、观点或政策、措施,因此公文在措词上必须准确明晰,切忌模棱两可或含糊晦涩。

2) Formal & Archaic Expressions(用词正式,且多古体词)。公文作为政府或职能部门所发布的文章,需具有其权威性、规范性。因此在用词上一般较为正式,并且不排除使用一些较为古雅的词(如hereinafter以下,在下文中, hereof于此,关于此点, herewith随同此,constructive notice, and businesslike notice, etc..

公告与公报 Pronouncement & Communiqué 公告Pronouncement

1. an official or authoritative statement or announcement 2. the act of pronouncing, declaring, or uttering formally 3. public or formal notice 公报Communiqué

A communiqué is a report or statement released by a public agency. 公告是一种公布性公文,是政府机构向国内外发布重大事件的通告。其作者必定是能代表国家及其职能机关的单位。

公报也称新闻公报,是党政机关和人民团体公开发布重大事件的报道性公文,是党的领导机关常用的法定公文。并可用于发布外交,Chapter 6 企业简介 Company Profile

从本质上看,企业简介属于信息量较大的广告类实用文体,内容通常包括企业名称,创办历史,产品介绍,企业目标和宗旨。企业简介的作用在于:

1. Provision of Information (提供信息) 2. Acquisition of Customers(争取顾客) 3. Maintenance of Demand (保持需求) 4. Creation of Mass Markets(扩大市场) 5. Guarantee of Quality (确保质量)

企业简介翻译原则

用语简洁,直观,清晰 conciseness,plainness,clarity 考虑文化差异,灵活运用翻译技巧 cultural differences 准确翻译专业术语及半术语 terminology/semi-terminology 准确翻译原文中的硬信息 type,history,cooperation culture,business scope,product property,product features

Chapter 7 公文 Official Documents 公文

公文主要包括政府发布的各种通知(Notice)、公告(Announcement)、公报(Communiqué)、规章法令(Regulation& Ordinance)、海报(Poster)、议案(Bill)、证书证明(Certificate Credentials)和各类法律文件(Legal Documents)。 公文的特点主要有:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 毕业生常用简历术语翻译 教育程度educational background 所修课程courses completed 重点课程educational highlights 进修课程refresher courses 社会实践social practice 工作实践part-time jobs 获奖经历scholarship & awards 副班长vice monitor

学习委员commissary in charge of studies 文娱委员commissary in charge of entertainment

等等)。

3)General Expressions with Specific Meanings(普通词多有特定意义)。许多普通的词在公文体中常常具有其特定的意义。(如allowance一词通常指“允许”、“津贴”,而在经贸合同中则多指“折扣”.如draft在外贸函电中指“汇票”。)

4) Long & Complicated Sentences (长句、复杂句较多)。除通知和海报等,一般公文长句、复杂句较多。大多公文体为使其逻辑严谨,表意准确,在句法上常常叠床架屋,同时句子的长度也大为增加。

General Categories

广播通知(Broadcast Announcement)

广播通知,以广播作为宣传工具,发出通知。多礼貌语,并以口头形式为主。在旅游业中应用范围极广,如在饭店,机场,车站,码头,娱乐场所等地方,内容要求简明扼要,力求口语化,句式常采用祈使句,句子结构尽量避免过于复杂冗长。

Broadcast announcement is an universal means of giving notice with the involvement of plenty polite formulas and colloquial expressions. It is commonly delivered at public places like the hotel,the airport,the station,the wharf or any place for entertainment. 书面通知(Notice)

书面通知,是向特定受文对象告知或转达有关事项或文件,让对象知道或执行的公文。包括发布性通知,法律性通知,指示性通知,知照性通知,事务性通知等。

Notice is an official document describing a requirement for a reader to be aware of the related events and proceeding. There are several types of notice: public notice, legal notice , instructive notice,

体育委员commissary in charge of sports 宣传委员commissary in charge of publicity 党支部书记Party branch secretary 团支部书记League branch secretary 博士后post doctorate 博士doctor (Ph.D) 硕士master 学士bachelor

旁听生guest student(英)/auditor(美) 公费生government-supported student 自费生commoner/self-supported student 实习生intern

经济等方面的重要事项。

区别:前者是国家行政机关常用的法定公文,后者是党的领导机关常用的法定公文。

Attention must be paid to the following : 力求措辞准确严谨 高级词汇的使用

注意术语及半术语的表达 注意增词减词等翻译技巧运用

海报 Poster

海报通常印刷而成的大布告、招贴或公告,常附有插图,张贴以用来宣传或公布某事,很多时候海报介于通知和广告之间。例如戏剧、电影等演出,球赛,报告会,研讨会等活动,或公益性通告的文字招帖或画报。

Poster:A large, usually printed placard, bill, or announcement, often illustrated, that is posted to advertise or publicize something. 书写格式:

1.标题 Headline 2.正文 Body Text 3.署名 Signature 4.日期 Date

chapter 2 Formal

The Johnson and Randall Company

Invites you to celebrate the relocation of their new office Cocktails, Dinner and Dancing Friday, the nineteenth of November

Half past seven The Sullivan Building 5656 Elm Drive Seattle, Washington

Please respond by the twenty-fifth of October

formal

3. Each line of an invitation card should be set in the middle, shaping At the Banquet Hall

Anniversary

The Pleasure of your company is requested

At the

Fiftieth Wedding Anniversary

Of

Sally and Jim Lopez Dinner and Dancing Saturday, the tenth of October Two thousand and five At half after seven o'clock

The garden Room Five Star Hotel Dallas, Texas

The Lopez children and Spouses ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Informal Anniversary Please join us In celebration of Sally and Jim's Fiftieth Wedding Anniversary

Open House Saturday, October 10, 2005 7:00 p.m. until 11:00 p.m.

7878 Creek Road

Given with love by their children

And their grandchildren R.S.V.P.: Julie (555) 555-5555

Wedding Invitation

( Bride and Groom issuing invitation)

Melissa Elaine Washington

And

Edward Alan Smith Together with their parents Request the honor of your presence

At their marriage Saturday, the fourth of October

Two thousand and five

At five o'clock St. Mary's Chruch Dallas, Texas

Reminders

1. A formal invitation should be written in the third person, while an informal invitation is sometimes written in the first person.

2. If you hope to receive the invitee’s reply, you must note “R.S.V.P.” or “r.s.v.p.” on the invitation card, which means “please reply”. And you can write down your telephone number or address when necessary.

a flower basket.

Letter of Invitation Mrs. Alexander Oldname requests the honor of your presence at the marriage of her daughter

Barbara to Mr. James Town

Tuesday, the twenty-first of October

At three o'clock Church of the Resurrection Ridgemont, New York (纽约里脊山)

and afterwards at the reception Bright Meadows(茵坪小街)

r.s.v.p.

请柬

亚历山大·奥德内姆夫人兹定于10月21日(星期二)下午3点在纽约里脊山复活教堂为小女芭芭拉与詹姆斯·汤先生举行婚礼,并定喜宴于茵坪小街本宅,恭请光临! 敬请赐复

Invitation

President Thomas Matthew Benton of

the Engineering Institute requests the pleasure of your company

at the Graduation Ceremony at seven o’clock p.m.

on Wednesday, the seventeenth of July

at the Institute’s auditorium

邀请函

工程学院院长托马斯·马修·本顿谨定于七月十七日(周三)下午三点在学院大礼堂举行毕业典礼。敬请光临 请 柬

在中华人民共和国成立六十周年之际,中华人民共和国外交部谨定于二零零九年九月一日(星期四)下午八点于人民大会堂宴会厅举行国庆招待会。敬请光临

INVITATION CARD On the occasion of the Sixtieth Anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China (事由)

the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the P.R.C. (举办单位)

requests the honor of your presence

at a Reception to be held

of the Great Hall of the People(举办场所)

on Thursday, Sep. 1, 2009(日期)

at 8:00 p.m. (钟点)

礼貌的辞谢邀请的表达法还有:

to decline / refuse? invitation for / to dinner 辞谢/拒绝??晚宴的邀请 an unexpected invitation 出乎意料的邀请

a not-to-be-refused invitation 盛情难却的邀请 a pressing invitation 恳切的邀请

Ⅲ Notice of Invitation Cancellation / Postponement Tips:

a. Not exactly strict in arrangement of letters; b. Written in the third person and mostly formal style;

c. The reason of cancellation / postponement is not necessarily included.

Chapter 3

1.多简单句,醒目、易记 Time your time.(LG)

左右时间。 (X Canvas LG液晶电视) Coca-cola is it. a) 还是可口可乐好! b) 可口可乐,我的选择。 The Uncola.

否定可乐。(七喜饮料) You're worth it!

你值得拥有! ( Loreal 欧莱雅) A diamond lasts forever.

钻石恒久远,一颗永流传(De Bierrs 第/戴比尔斯)。 2.活用习语、谚语和格言 When it pours,it reigns.

酒具一倾,满座无声。(美国某水晶酒具) (When it rains,it pours.不下则已,一下倾盆。) You’ll go nuts for the nuts you get in Nux. 纳克斯坚果让你爱不释口。

Note:翻译此类广告词时,可灵活选用汉语成语或四字词,达到异曲同工之效。

3.省略句多,重点突出,语言凝练。 Intelligence everywhere.

智慧演绎,无处不在(摩托罗拉手机)。 Impossible made possible.

使不可能变为可能(佳能打印机)。 4.祈使句多,具有强烈的鼓动色彩

Think small. (Volkswagen Beetle) 想想还是小的好。(大众甲壳虫) Feel the new space. (samsung) 感受新境界。 (三星电子)

5.使用疑问句,制造悬念,激发好奇心 Why not?

为什么不?/谁说不可以?(与狼共舞休闲) Are you going gray too early? 问君早生白发乎?(新新染发剂) The Seiko Ladies Quartz, Pretty, isn’t she? 精工牌女士石英表,潇洒漂亮, 不是吗?(手表)

6.常用主动语态和现在时,给人一种直接感,并暗示商品的持久性和永恒性。 使不可能变为可能。 (佳能打印机)

Alliteration & Rhyming

The choice is yours. The honor is ours. (Ford) 任君选择,深感荣幸。—福特汽车公司 We integrate, you communicate.

我们集大成,您超越自我。(Mitsubishi Electric ) Accident: car, caress, careless and carless.

车祸:驾车上路,亲亲我我,一不当心,汽车没了。(请勿追尾!) Contrast

Tide‘s in. Dirt’s Out.汰渍到,污垢逃。

Big, big selection; low, low price. Time is what you make of it. (Swatch) 天长地久。(斯沃奇手表) Make yourself heard. (Ericsson) 理解就是沟通。(爱立信)

Communication unlimited. (Motorola) 沟通无极限。(摩托罗拉) Connecting People. (Nokia) 科技以人为本。(诺基亚) Fresh-up with Seven-up. (Seven-up) 提神醒脑,喝七喜。(七喜) Every time a good time. (McDonald's) 更多欢笑更多欢乐就在麦当劳。 Intel Inside. (Intel Pentium)

We lead, Others copy.

我们领先,他人仿效。(理光复印机)

Come to where the flavor is Marlboro Country.(MARLBORO) 光临风韵之境—万宝路世界。(万宝路香烟)

Link:Man Always Remember Love Because of Romance Only!(MARLBORO)

男人只因浪漫而记住爱情!(万宝路香烟)

Come to where the flavor is Marlboro Country.(MARLBORO) 光临风韵之境—万宝路世界。(万宝路香烟)

Link:Man Always Remember Love Because of Romance Only!(MARLBORO)

男人只因浪漫而记住爱情!(万宝路香烟) 7. 偶用复合句、否定句,表示强调或对比

When you are sipping Lipton,you are sipping something special. 啜饮立顿茶,品尝独特味。

We would never say the new Audi 100 is the best in its class, we don't have to.

我们根本不必说新型奥迪100是同类车中最好的。没有这个必要。Melt in your mouth, not in your hand. 只溶在口,不溶在手。 (M&M’s) Seeing is not believing. (Hollywood)视觉创新影。(好莱坞) Simile

Featherwater:light as a feather.法泽瓦特/飞适维眼镜:轻如鸿毛。

Personification

Unlike me, my Rolex never needs a rest.和我不一样,我的劳力士从不需要休息

Repetition

Double delicious. Double your pleasure. 双份美味,双份开心(快餐) Hyperbole

The first ever, the last you‘ll ever need. (Seiko) 一朝拥有,别无所求。(精工手表) Oxymoron

Impossible made possible.

重大选择,低廉价格。(纽约时报) No business too small, no problem too big.

没有不做的小生意,没有解决不了的大问题。 Antithesis

Join Worldenglish, Enjoy Englishworld. (Worldenglish)

国际英语, 欢乐无限。(新世界国际英语) Half the calories, all of the fun ! 热量减半,美味永伴!(某雪糕) A contemporary classic. A timeless timepiece. (Carven) 当代的经典作,永久的计时器。 Parody

Not all cars are created equal.

并不是每辆车都生而平等。(Mitsubishi)

套用《美国独立宣言》中的 All men are created equal. Give me Green world, or give me yesterday.

要么给我绿世界晚霜,要么还我昨日的青春容颜。 (绿世界牌系列晚霜广告)

仿拟美国独立战争时期政治家Patrick Hey的名言: Give me liberty, or give me death.(不自由,毋宁死。) To smoke or not to smoke, that is a question.

此烟,吸还是不吸?这是一个值得考虑的问题。(香烟) 莎翁戏剧《哈姆雷特》中的句子:To be or not to be, that is a question.(生存还是毁灭,这是一个问题。) Thirst come,thirst served. 渴了就喝,喝了不渴。 (可口可乐) Pun

Asking for MORE.

再来一支,还吸摩尔。(香烟) Centrum with beta-carotene From A to Zinc More Complete 富含胡萝卜的珍多美, 从A到锌,应有尽有, 营养更全,口味更新!

Translate the following ads:

给电脑一颗奔腾的”芯”。(英特尔 奔腾 <Intel公司生产的CPU芯片>)

For the Road Ahead. (Honda) 康庄大道。(本田)

Engineered to move the human spirit. (Mercedes-Benz) 人类精神的动力。(梅塞德斯-奔驰)

Behind that healthy smile,there’s a Crest kid. (Crest toothpaste) 健康笑容来自佳洁士。(佳洁士牙膏) Start Ahead. (Rejoice)

成功之路,从头开始。(飘柔)

汉语广告英译 1.直接转换

非常可乐,非常选择。

A Special cola. A Special Choice./ Extraordinary Cola,Extraordinary Choice.

要想皮肤好,早晚用大宝。

Applying “Dabao” morning and night; Makes your skincare a real delight. 2.文化差异,巧妙意译 龙的传人用龙卡。(建行龙卡) I’m a Chinese. I use Long card.

药材好,药才好。(河南宛西制药集团) Only fine medicinal herbs Make fine herbal medicines.

3.避免特意浮夸,突出广告的可信度

西铁城引导钟表新潮流,石英技术誉满全球。(西铁城手表) 1:Citizen leads the fashion of the world watches and its technology enjoys the world-wide fame.

2:Citizen, watch of fashion and technology, leads the watch industry. 4.汉语广告常见四字词英译

汉语措辞考究,四字词多,在不过分夸大事实的情况下意译时可选取英文常用结构或表达进行套译。 畅销全球 selling well all over the world 典雅大方 elegant and graceful 定型耐久 durable modeling

各式俱全 wide selection; large assortment

顾客第一 customers first

花样繁多 a wide selection of colors and styles 客商第一,信誉第一 clients first, reputation first

品质优良,疗效显著,誉满全球,欢迎选购 excellent quality, evident effect, good reputation over the world, orders are welcome 便于携带 portable

技艺精湛 exquisite craftsmanship; fine craftsmanship 价格公道 reasonable price; street price; moderate price 送礼佳品 ideal gift for all occasions 性能优越 superior performance 选料上乘 selected material

译为Memorial Museum,如“新文化运动纪念馆 New Culture Movement Memorial Museum”。

4 .故居: Former Residence,如“宋庆龄故居 Former Residence of Soong Ching Ling”。

5.展览馆、陈列馆译为Exhibition Hall / Center,而会展中心译为Convention & Exhibition Center。

6.陈列室译为 Exhibition / Display Room。

7.宫、院译为Palace,如“颐和园 Summer Palace”。

8.殿、堂译为 Hall,如“太和殿Hall of Supreme Harmony”、“乐The Grand Ice Fall / The Great Frozen Waterfall 大雁塔

The Wild Goose Pagoda 黄鹤楼

Yellow Crane Tower 意译

景点名称文化含义丰富,直译不能把相应的文化含义翻译出来; 突出其内在含义或相应典故与传说,便于游客理解,记忆; 从意义出发,不注意原作形式包括句法结构、用词、比喻及其他修辞手段。 兵马俑

Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses 十三陵 Chapter4 Taj Mahal

It took several thousands of craftsmen, artisans and about 20 years for construction. The masons, stonecutters, carvers, inlayers, calligraphers, painters and others were from the entire empire as well as from Iran and Central Asia. It later became the mausoleum of Shah Jahan too. This is a huge tourist attraction drawing one to two million tourists every year.

该建筑总共需要数以千记的工匠和技工,耗时二十年才得以完成。来自全国各地以及伊朗、中亚的石匠、石工、雕刻工、镶嵌者、书法家、画家及其他的人才都参与到该建筑工程中。之后,泰姬陵也成为了沙贾汗的陵寝。这个著名的旅游景点每年吸引了一到两百万游客。

Yellowstone Lake

Yellowstone Lake is the largest body of water in Yellowstone National Park. The lake is 7,732 feet above sea level and covers 136 square miles with 110 miles of shoreline. While the average depth of the lake is 139 feet its deepest spot is at least 390 feet. It is the largest freshwater lake above 7,000 feet in North America.

黄石湖是黄石国家公园内最大的水体。该湖高出海平面7,732英尺,覆盖面积136平方英里,平均湖深为139英尺,最深点为390英尺。黄石湖是北美地区海拔7,000英尺以上的淡水湖中最大的。

翻译难点:景点名称

景点名称翻译既属于翻译范畴,就应遵循翻译的基本标准。 忠实 忠实于原作的内容和风格 民族风格 时代风格 语体风格 语言风格

通顺 译文语言必须通顺易懂,符合规范

1.植物园: Botanical Garden,如”北京植物园Beijing Botanical Garden”。

2.博物馆:一般名称译为xx Museum,Museum放置在后面,如“历史博物馆History Museum”。某机构的博物馆译为xx Museum of xxxx(机构名) 。

3.纪念馆:历史名人的纪念馆译为Memorial,人名不加’s,如“吴运铎纪念馆Wu Yunduo Memorial”;历史事件或事迹的纪念馆

寿堂Hall of Longevity in Happiness”。

9.寺译为Temple,如“云居寺Yunju Temple”。

10.亭、阁译为Pavilion,如“寄澜亭Jilan Pavilion”。

11.一般的佛塔译为Pagoda,如“五塔寺 Five-Pagoda Temple”;藏式塔译为Dagoba, 如“白塔寺的白塔 White Dagoba”。

12.牌楼译为Memorial Archway。

13.高山译为 Mountain,如“太行山Taihang Mountain”或“Mt. Taihang”。比较小的山、山丘等译为 Hill, 如“万寿山 Longevity Hill”。

14.岛译为 Island,如“南湖岛South Lake Island”。

15.湖译为 Lake,如“太极湖 Taiji Lake”。

16.桥译为 Bridge, 如“玉带桥 Jade Belt Bridge”。

17.商店译为shop,如“旅游纪念品商店Souvenir Shop”,“礼品店 Gift Shop”。

景点名称的常用英译方法 音译

1.旅游景点以人名来命名。如“鲁迅”译为“luxun”,“孟姜女”译为“Mengjiangnu”,“老舍”译为“laoshe”。

2.以地名命名的旅游景点应按汉语拼音字母拼写规则来译。如“桂林”译为“Guilin”,“九寨沟”译为“Jiuzhaigou”,“阳朔”译为“

Yangshuo

” 3. 汉语名称本身很抽象,需知道相关典故才能理解。如“韩退之投书处”译为“Hantuizhitoushuchu”,“一线天”译为“Yixiantian”,“铜壶滴漏”译为“Tonghudilou”。 直译

逐字翻译—这类景点名称中专有名称和通名英译后都通俗易懂,一般采用此方法。试翻译:大冰瀑布

Ming Tombs 故宫

the Imperial Palace/ Palace Museum 颐和园

the Summer Palace

音译+直译 太和殿 Taihedian Hall 乾清宫

Qianqinggong Palace 少林寺 Shaolin Temple 黄山

Huangshan Mountain

音意+直译

使用音译和意译相结合的方法翻译景点名称时,景点名称如属汉语“单名”,为了照顾音节和外国人的习惯读法,最好把名字后面的“湖”、“山”、“园”等同时音译出来。如:太湖 Taihu Lake、泰山 Taishan Mountain等;如果景点名称是“双名”,则不必音译通名。如:洞庭湖Dongting Lake、雁荡山Yandang Moutain等。

音译+直译 大观园

Daguanyuan (Grand View Garden) 潇湘馆

Xiaoxiangguan (Bamboo Lodge) 怡红院

Yihongyuan (Happy Red Court)

花港观鱼 Hua Gang Guan Yu (Viewing Fish at Flower Harbor) 孤山

Gushan (Solitary Hill)

旅游文本汉译实例赏析

一般而言,英语旅游文体大多风格简约,结构严谨而不复杂,行文用字简洁明了,表达直观通俗,注重信息的准确性和语言的实用性,最忌啰嗦堆砌。


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